Cathepsin

Cathepsin
Bändermodell des Cathepsin K.

Cathepsine (auch Kat(h)epsine von griech. καθεψειν - verdauen) sind Proteasen, die beispielsweise in Lysosomen, eosinophilen Granulozyten und Osteoklasten zu finden sind und einen hydrolytischen Abbau der extrazellulären Matrix und der Basalmembran bewirken (Proteasen sind eiweißspaltende Enzyme). Sie sind z. B. beteiligt am Abbau von Zellorganellen, etwa überalterten Mitochondrien oder kollagenhaltiger Knochenmatrix. Wahrscheinlich sind die Cathepsine auch bei der Neoangiogenese, das heißt der Neubildung von Blutgefäßen im Rahmen der Wundheilung und im Rahmen des invasiven Tumorwachstum, beteiligt.

Cathepsine lassen sich bei verschiedenen Tumoren wie dem Pankreaskarzinom als ungünstiger Prognosemarker nachweisen. [1]

Tabelle der Cathepsine

Gen (HGNC) Genlocus (human) Protein (UniProt) MEROPS Enzym (EC-Nummer) OMIM Bemerkungen
CTSA 20q13.12 P10619 S10.002 3.4.16.5 [1] Lysosomen; Galaktosialidose
CTSB 8p23.1 P07858 C01.060 3.4.22.1 [2] Lysosomen
CTSC 11q14.2 P53634 C01.070 3.4.14.1 [3] Lysosomen, besonders Lunge, Nieren, Plazenta; Papillon-Lefèvre-Syndrom; Haim-Munk-Syndrom; juvenile Parodontitis
CTSD 11p15.5 P07339 A01.009 3.4.23.5 [4] Lysosomen; Neuronale Ceroid-Lipofuszinose Typ 10 (NCL10)
CTSE 1q32.1 P14091 A01.010 3.4.23.34 [5] Endosomen, bes. Magen, Clarazellen der Lunge, aktivierte B-Lymphozyten
CTSF 11q13.2 Q9UBX1 C01.018 3.4.22.41 [6] Lysosomen, bes. Herz, Muskeln, Gehirn, Genitalien, Ovarien
CTSG 14q12 P08311 S01.133 3.4.21.20 [7]
CTSH 15q25.1 P09668 C01.040 3.4.22.16 [8] Lysosomen
CTSK 1q21 P43235 C01.036 3.4.22.38 [9] Lysosomen; Pyknodysostose
CTSL1 9q21.33 P07711 C01.032 3.4.22.15 [10] Lysosomen
CTSL2 9q22.33 O60911 C01.009 3.4.22.43 [11] Lysosomen, bes. Thymus, Genitalien, Cornea
CTSO 4q32.1 P43234 C01.035 3.4.22.42 [12] Ovarien, Nieren, Plazenta
CTSS 1q21 P25774 C01.034 3.4.22.27 [13] Lysosomen
CTSW 11q13.1 P56202 C01.037 3.4.22.- [14] Killerzellen, T-Zellen
CTSZ 20q13.32 Q9UBR2 C01.013 3.4.18.1 [15] Lysosomen


Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Niedergethmann, M. et al. (2004): Prognostic impact of cysteine proteases cathepsin B and cathepsin L in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. In: Pancreas. 29(3):204-211. PMID 15367886

Literatur

  • Conus, S. & Simon, H.U. (2008): Cathepsins: key modulators of cell death and inflammatory responses. In: Biochem. Pharmacol. 76(11):1374-1382. PMID 18762176

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